![]() ![]() In London, the ecclesiastical parishes sub-divided to better serve the needs of a growing population, while the civil parishes continued to be based on the same ancient parish areas. The ancient parishes provided a framework for both civil (administrative) and ecclesiastical (church) functions, but during the nineteenth century, there was a divergence into distinct civil and ecclesiastical parish systems. The Tower Division was noteworthy in that the men of the area owed military service to the Tower of London, as they had done before the creation of the Division. Rapid population growth around London saw the Hundred split into several 'Divisions' during the 1600s, with Hackney part of the Tower Division (aka Tower Hamlets). Parishes in Middlesex were grouped into Hundreds, with Hackney part of Ossulstone Hundred. The manorial system in England had largely broken down in England by 1400, with manors fragmenting and their role being much reduced. Any boundary changes to the manor after around 1180 would not be reflected in changes to the parish boundaries as, across England, they became fixed at around that time, so that boundaries could no longer be changed at all, despite changes to manorial landholdings – though there were examples of sub-division in some parishes. The parish would have been based on the boundaries of the sub-manor of Hackney at the time it was created. ![]() Hackney's church is first recorded around 1275 and Hackney may have been an independent parish by that time. ![]() Hackney was a sub-Manor of the Manor of Stepney, and the ancient parish of Hackney was an early daughter parish of Stepney, though the date the Hackney parish was established is not known. It was based for many centuries on the Ancient Parish of Hackney, the largest in Middlesex. Hackney was an administrative unit with consistent boundaries from the early Middle Ages to the creation of the larger modern borough in 1965. Hackney Town Hall, now used for the modern borough ![]()
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